Layer shifts on one axis and ringing near the model\u2019s corners usually point to a motion problem. The good news: on the X1 and P1 series belt tension is restored with a standard procedure, and you usually don\u2019t need a new belt.<\/p>\n
Before adjusting anything, check that nothing is blocking the head\u2019s movement on the X and Y axes. A filament offcut, a piece of plastic from a failed print or a cable in the way gives exactly the same symptoms.<\/p>\n
For the X1 and P1 the manufacturer also recommends cleaning the carbon rods \u2014 it reduces the risk of layer shifts.<\/p>\n
The procedure needs no measuring tools:<\/p>\n
The spring-loaded tensioner sets the correct tension by itself. Don\u2019t overtighten the tension screws<\/strong> \u2014 too much force does as much harm as slack.<\/p>\n The X1 measures belt tension through resonance: during calibration the motors create vibrations at different frequencies and look for the one where resonance occurs. It\u2019s related to tension by f = \u221a(k\/m)<\/em>. That\u2019s why the printer may report that the X-axis resonance frequency is low \u2014 a clear hint that the belt is slack.<\/p>\n After any work on the mechanics, run a calibration: on the X1 you can do it right from the screen, and for the P1 and X1 calibration is also available in Bambu Studio.<\/p>\n Idler rollers and bearings affect print geometry as much as the belt, but they get less attention. Signs of wear: humming or crunching during movement, a roller that turns jerkily, a belt that drifts sideways, or play at the mounting point.<\/p>\n What you may need:<\/strong> belts and bearings<\/a>, printer diagram<\/a>.<\/p>\n This article has been checked against the official Bambu Lab documentation. Procedures and temperatures may differ for a specific printer model \u2014 check your model\u2019s page on the manufacturer\u2019s wiki.<\/p>\n<\/div>\nHow the printer checks tension itself<\/h2>\n
When the belt really should be replaced<\/h2>\n
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Don\u2019t forget the rollers<\/h2>\n
Sources<\/h3>\n
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